The course aims to study the role of the internet in international security, during the transition from the third to the fourth industrial revolution. As a key channel of communication and connectivity, the internet is a favourite field of action for states, violent political groups, and common criminals. Focusing on phenomena such as fake news, hacktivism, cyber-terrorism, and cyber-crime, the module aims to acquaint students with—often unseen—aspects of the internet and their implications for international security.