This course examines the theoretical foundations, institutional development, and functioning of international organizations in the contemporary international system. It analyzes the basic theoretical approaches (realism, liberalism, constructivism) and their contribution to understanding multilateral cooperation. Particular emphasis is placed on the structure and role of the UN, NATO, and regional organizations. The course examines issues of legitimacy, effectiveness, accountability, and reform of these organizations, as well as their contribution to the management of international crises, conflicts, and global challenges.